What document is essential for coordinating and synchronizing fire support operations?

The essential document for coordinating and synchronizing fire support operations is the Fire Support Plan. This document outlines how fire support will be employed in a specific operation, detailing the types of fire support assets available, their planned engagements, and the coordination required between ground and air forces for effective execution.

A Fire Support Plan ensures that all units involved have a shared understanding of the commander's intent, target priorities, and the timing of fire support operations. It typically includes details on asset distribution, communication protocols, and scenarios for joint operations, thereby facilitating seamless integration of various fire support elements in combat.

While the Air Tasking Order also plays a role in detailing air missions, it does not specifically focus on the broader spectrum of coordinated fire support operations in the same comprehensive manner as a Fire Support Plan.